Andy Warhol Essay Example for Free

Andy Warhol Essay Andy Warhol is one of the significant famous personalities of the twentieth century. He is an artist, a film maker, a celebrity and even a businessman. Warhol advanced the Popular art movement in America. He made compelling and controversial art works that yielded praises and even criticisms. Warhol had once said, â€Å"Id prefer to remain a mystery. I never like to give my background and, anyway, I make it all up different every time Im asked. Its not just that its part of my image not to tell everything, its just that I forget what I said the day before, and I have to make it all up over again† (Wrenn Andy Warhol: in his own words).   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Andy Warhol was born in 1928 in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania as the son of Slovakian immigrants. His father was Andrej who was a construction worker who died when he was 13 and his mother was Julia. According to his mother, Warhol suffered three nervous breakdowns in his childhood (Andy Warhol). By 1945, he entered the Carnegie Institute of Technology (now Carnegie Mellon University) where he majored in pictorial design . After college, Warhol went to New York and started his career in illustration and advertising for several magazines including Vogue, Harpers Bazaar and The New Yorker (Cribbs Andy Warhol: Biography). It was film director Emile de Antonio who encouraged Warhol to start as an independent   artist because he considered commercial art as a real form of   real art. His fondness for art and commerce gained him several recognitions from established organizations (Andy Warhol).   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   During the 1960s, many of Andy Warhols most famous and iconic images were generated. By adapting various images from popular culture, Warhol created many paintings that remained icons of 20th-century art, such as the Campbells Soup Cans, Disasters and Marilyns. In addition to painting, Warhol made several 16mm films which have become underground classics such as Chelsea Girls, Empire and Blow Job (Cribbs Andy Warhol: Biography). Most of Warhols films were deemed plotless,   complex and somewhat pornographic. Though there were scripts, most of the dialogues in his films were improvised by the actors who were usually transvestites, homosexuals and his acquaintances. According to Warhol, he never particularly wanted to make simply sex movies, but attempted to show how people can meet other people and what they can do and what they can say each other. Warhols gradual withdrawal from films production coincided with his near fatal shooting in 1968 by a female factory reject connected with an anti-male hate group (Andy Warhol). More so, in this period, Warhol moved to the â€Å"Factory.† It was his place at Union Square in New York City where he and his team of hired workers massly produced screen prints of popular culture. This immediately became the hangout venue for   artist, musicians, and actors where they expressed their individuality. The Factory also served as a working place where he produced most his masterpieces in art and film (Andy Warhol Biography).   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   In the 70s amd 80s, Warhol had expanded his empire beyond mere art making. He was in the center of a corporation that produced films, books, plays, and was involved with television (Andy Warhol). He founded inter/VIEW magazine. He also created two cable television shows, Andy Warhols TV and Andy Warhols Fifteen Minutes for MTV . More so, Warhol had several collaborations with younger artists such as Jean-Michel Basquiat, Francesco Clemente and Keith Haring (Cribbs Andy Warhol: Biography). In his book The Philosophy of Andy Warhol he wrote: Business art is the step that comes after Art. I started as a commercial artist, and I want to finish as a business artist. After I did the thing called art or whatever its called, I went into business art. I wanted to be an Art Businessman or a Business Artist. Being good in business in the most fascinating kind of art† (Andy Warhol).   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Andy Warhol died after a gall bladder surgery on February 22, 1987. His funeral was attended by his friends, colleagues and more than   2, 000 fans at St. Patricks Cathedral in New York (Cribbs Andy Warhol: Biography) .   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Warhol made a huge contribution in art history. His eccentric personality brought him to beyond levels of stardom. He constantly shook the art industry with his controversial art works that were considered avant-garde during that era. Warhols personality have been subjected to several suspicions. His concepts and interpretations gave an impression that he was a homosexual. According to Wayne Koestenbaums psychoanalytical interpretation, everything was sexual for Warhol, who was as gay as you can get and he also said that â€Å"Warhols major artistic contribution was reinterpreting the worth of cultural waste products† (Andy Warhol). Many would think that Warhol is not a true blooded artist because mainly for the fact that he was driven by monetary ambition and even came to the point where he became obsessed in being rich and famous. But he proved that business can be mixed with art making. He utilized the best of both worlds, which are the corporate world and the art world. In a but shell, he merged art, wealth and fame producing the Pop Artist Andy Warhol (Andy Warhol Biography). Works Cited â€Å" Andy Warhol Biography.† ArtQuotes.net. 28 February 2008   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   http://www.artquotes.net/masters/warhol-biography.htm. â€Å"Andy Warhol.† 2000. Books and Writers. 28 February 2008   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   http://www.kirjasto.sci.fi/warhol.htm. Cribss, Martin. â€Å" Andy Warhol: Biography.† 2002. The Andy Warhol Foundation for the   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Visual Arts.   28 February 2008 http://www.warholfoundation.org/biograph.htm. Wrenn, Mike. Andy Warhol: In His Own Words. Omnibus Press, 1992.

The Absence of Social Conflict Social Stability in Brave New World Essa

The Absence of Social Conflict Social Stability in Brave New World In Brave New World, Aldous Huxley introduces the dystopia of a society created on the principle of social stability at all costs. Huxley wrote this book in 1932 hoping to warn future generations of what he feared might happen if society did not do something to stop the inevitable. The leaders of our society today hope for and work towards social stability without taking away primitive rights. Social stability can only be achieved by a society whose beliefs in social and ethical issues are never challenged. So even though modern society hopes for social stability, it is not a practical aspiration because it is obvious that some of the social and ethical issues of our society today are wrong and should be challenged. The control of people’s minds; achieved by a strict caste system, hypnopedia, and the hallucinate soma; is used to insure social stability that is so important in the Brave New World society. The leaders of the society do not take in consideration wh at the effects of these methods might have on the individual, for example an earlier death. In Brave New World, the term social stability could also be termed societal control. This dystopia is similar to a communist government where the top 10% of society controls the lives of the other 90% of the people. The Bokanovsky process and Neo-Pavlovian Conditioning were both developed by the Brave New World society to achieve the strict caste system the society is based on. The Bokanovsky process can make a fertilized egg bud and divide into as many as 96 identical eggs that will mature into 96 identical adults. After the eggs have been fertilized Neo-Pavlovian Conditioning beg... ... is advancement. In the Brave New World society they said that they believed in the advancement of technology, but really they only wanted it advanced enough so that the society would not change. In our society today, our social and ethical ideologies given to us by family, friends, and mass media are that people control their own destiny, happiness is attained by achievement, recycle, reduce, and reuse. All of these ideologies are the opposites of those in the Brave New World society, a society that would remain stable at all costs. Social stability in our society today is hoped for in some ways but will never be achieved. This is because, we want to better ourselves as individuals as well as a society as a whole in any way possible. To do that, it is inevitable that social aspects of our society will change and therefore making our society socially unstable.

Planning Vacation

Krista Curtis Professor: Shelley St. Ange-Sheldon Essay: Problem Solving April 7th, 2013 Vacation time â€Å"A penny saved is a penny earned. † â€Å"A job worth doing is worth doing right. † We apply both of these sayings to the working world all of the time. Why not apply them to our vacationing world as well? Like most people, I look forward to a vacation, but planning it can become overwhelming if you’re not prepared. Planning a vacation should be fun and exciting.Vacationing is not always a priority to many families due to economic distress, but as little as a few hundred dollars you can plan a weekend getaway that’s inexpensive but a lot of fun! Figuring out what you’re interested in is a major factor in your planning. Not everyone is into car shows, bike rallies or the typical Disney vacation. Don't overlook major cities. Metropolitan areas like Jamestown, Norfolk, and Washington, D. C. offer families a variety of cultural and historical even ts that are child-friendly as well as interesting for adults.Look for destinations with sights, sounds, and adventures that match with your kids' interests like sports, theatre, art, history or architecture and choose a place that offers something for each one of your family member. First I would like to mention which states we would like to visit as a family, secondly I will discuss my finances and other requirements that best suit my family, and finally I would like discuss which state that I feel best meets those requirements.

Argos Donaldson Case International Management

The Floundering Expatriate case study provides the right example of problems associated with the global marketplace and when businesses and their leaders transcend physical and cultural boundaries and they fail to adapt to cultural specifics. We consider that this report will allows making an analysis that contains discussion on culture and communication issues along with globalization. This case takes place in 1995 and talks about the events of a globalization effort by Argos International, a holdings company based in the United States. The key players or main actors of this case are: The CEO and chairman of this holdings company, Bill Loun; Bert Donaldson, who was a rising corporate star in Detroit who was supposed to be perfect person to help facilitate communication between recently acquired divisions in Europe; Frank Waterhouse, the CEO of Argos Diesel Europe ; Ursula Lindt , Waterhouse’s executive assistant and Bettina Schweri, Ursula Lindt’s childhood friend, and responsible for organizing Donaldson’s programs. The CEO of Argos, Bill Loun believed that he had found someone in Detroit (Bert Donaldson) that would be the perfect person to help facilitate communication between recently acquired divisions in Europe. Bert Donaldson’s resume was impressive. He was a professor of American Studies in Cairo, Egypt for 5 years and while in the United States, Bert made major improvements to the organizational structure by implementing cross-functional teams, achieved considerable cost reductions, and much more. In addition, Bert was charismatic, a hard worker, and very sharp, a proven leader within the U.  S. organization. Loun recognized that they really needed someone just like Donaldson in Zurich. At the same time, Frank Waterhouse really believed that with Donaldson’s arrival in Europe, both of them could climb the corporate ladder and achieve all the goals that Waterhouse had worked so hard to acquire The problem started when just the opposite occurred, with Bert Donaldson’s arrival, the corporate environment became tense and dysfunctional, and there was obvious friction between Bert, the expatriate, and the local, European divisional leadership. Bert recognized the problem, but didn’t have an immediate solution. Many people from the European staff members attempted to inform Waterhouse about Donaldson’s cross-cultural unawareness like Ursula Lindt who tried to inform Waterhouse of the large number of complaints she had received regarding Donaldson’s inability to adapt or recognize the need to adapt to local culture. Although direct attempts to converse with Waterhouse failed, Waterhouse did finally recognize Donaldson’s failure to culturally adapt. Waterhouse sent a letter back to CEO Bill Loun in the United States questioning Donaldson’s ability to successfully adapt and manage, but Loun simply replied by saying him that he just couldn’t send him back and that it was his bottom line responsibility. On the other side, Schweri, who spoke five different languages and was extremely familiar with local culture was not taking in real account by Donaldson who just saw her like a â€Å"secretary† instead of taking advantage of her knowledge.  We consider that Donaldson failed to recognize the need for cultural adaptation, training, and awareness and the importance of utilizing local resources to assist with cultural issues. We consider that here are 3 major issues at the heart of the problems of the company. These are culture, communication and leadership and motivation, but first of all we could say that one of the main mistakes in the case is that the CEO of Argos International, Loun assigned Donaldson as the guy that Europe needed ,without any formal cross-cultural training on the assumption that his Cairo experience was â€Å"international†. The cultural issues began since the arrival of Donaldson who has struggled to come to terms with European culture. He is unable to adjust and as such he has not been as successful in transforming the European subsidiary like he had in Detroit. It is clear that Donaldson has a lack of cultural understanding and sensitivity , for us this means, he is unaware â€Å"of the cultural variables that can affect management decisions and he is not realizing how much he is affecting Waterhouse projects, the company itself, other individual culture and his leadership is also tainted and a number of sub-issues become evident. At the same time Donaldson never remember or realized that in every culture ( in this case the European) there are different sub- cultures and each one has different morals, goals, traditions, beliefs as well as different ways of doing business and its expectations and they just conform only in varying degrees the national culture. The communication problems caused for the context of the communication were also very important, because the European staff from Argos was formed by people from different European countries and in some of them it is considered to have the lowest ranking communication context, closely followed by other European countries, this means that nothing is implied from the message, as everything will be clearly detailed. So the higher up the context ranking you go the more information becomes implicit and if Donaldson would have consider that the multiple-choice survey wouldn’t have been inappropriate and Donaldson could have all the required info. Communication is also an issue because it is clear that there is a lack of it between the Detroit head office and the European office, so the communication problems are projected at many levels which show the severity of the problem. We can assume that Bill Loun would like the Zurich office to be as efficient and effective as the office in the United States, if they would have a more frequent communication with the parent company, communication the more likely it is that affiliate executives will be influenced by the parent’s practices Another one is that Donaldson does not have the ability to speak to write in any European language, yet his Personal Assistant does. Leadership and motivation is the final issue because we feel that Donaldson was an effective leader in the US where his reform was successful. However his approach has been far from successful in Europe and he has not been able to motivate the European workers at all. The company really failed to realise the effect of a major relocation for Donaldson’s family, because he never adjust to the culture and even his family was suffering the consequences which also disturb Donaldson’s job performance Furthermore we also consider that the fat that the company’s International staffing policies are Ethnocentric, is the â€Å"ethnocentrism† a key sensitivity problem for Donaldson. By adopting an ethnocentric approach to management, Donaldson assumes the way he has been taught to perform a task is the best way of performing that task and is averse to listening to other ways of achieving results. It is important to say that Donaldson was not the only one who was failing in the company because if we ask ourselves who was supposed to keep an eye on him, we would say that it was Waterhouse but instead he was also adding troubles to the company. Why we think this? Because he was behaving in such an individualistic way (maybe because he came from a highly individualistic country USA, where people typically look out for themselves), and he was just being selfish by just concerning in how Donaldson could help him to reach the top or how Donaldson’s problems would reflect on him and his career. Finally it’s clear that Bill Loun also made a mistake, and Donaldson is not the only reason of troubles. We think that Bill Loun, entered the global marketplace with a misunderstanding of what it means to be international due to the fact that selected a manager (Donaldson) with extensive successes in the United States and only superficial international experience.

Immortality of Soul

Immortality of Soul In Plato’s Phaedo, Socrates reflects the events from his life and reveals the most important ideas about the immortality of soul. In particular, the philosopher introduces the theory of separateness of immortal soul from the physical body by using a number of arguments.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Immortality of Soul specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More In particular, Socrates refers to the analysis of oppositions, introduces recollection theory, and explains the concept of affinity to prove that soul is immortal and it is separate from the physical body. From the perspective of the Opposites Arguments, if the physical body is mortal and physical, the soul is immortal and, therefore, it should not die. Because the body is subject to death in physical terms, the soul shapes its opposite. To explain the existence of the opposites, Plato provides the analogy of cold and fire. Thus, in case the cold cannot be dest ructed and exists separately from fire, the latter can be destroyed by cold. Although the fire is destroyed, the cold will still exist. Similar opposites can be created while exemplifying the charges of magnets. Despite the fact that cold and fire are related to each other in terms of temperature differences. They form the opposites and, nevertheless, they are linked to each other. At the same time, in case one object does not exist, the other object cannot exist. In this respect, can be said that fire can be identified as the absence of cold and, vice versa, cold personifies absence of fire. While identifying the analogy with body and soul, body cannot exist without soul and soul is the part of a body. To prove the immortality of soul, it is necessary to refer to the theory of recollection. According to this theory, an individual possesses non-empirical knowledge, which implies that he/she can know something about the surrounding world at birth, but not in the course of living. In other words, people possess knowledge that is obtained as we gain experience about the object and event around use. The theory, therefore, acknowledges the existence of previous knowledge about everything. The learning process is not associated with gaining knowledge from beyond, but recollecting what an individual is already aware of. The process of recollection is possible through proper questioning and, therefore, everything we know already can be regained.Advertising Looking for essay on philosophy? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More While considering these assumptions, it is possible to assert that soul existed long before we have been born. What is more importantly, the theory also proves that the soul is immortal and it is capable of repeated reincarnation. Knowledge, therefore, forms the essence of soul eternity. Each time the soul is incarnated in a new body, the knowledge could be forgotten because of the shoc k of birth. As a result, an individual perceives the recovery of knowledge as a learning process. The theory of recollection also justifies the existence of objective reality which does not depend on subjective evaluation because the matter of things existing in the world should not depend on the perception of individuals. Finally, the evidence of existence of the soul can be analyzed from the viewpoint of affinity theory. According to this theory, the immortality is invisible and incorporeal whereas visible things are moral and corporeal. Within these perspectives, our soul is invisible and, therefore, it is immortal whereas our physical body can be seen and, therefore, it is mortal. Although human bodies are subject to death, souls continue living. Unlike the two arguments discussed above, the affinity theory focuses on the nature of the soul. According to Plato, because the concept of soul is etymologically associated with the word â€Å"to breathe†, the philosophy demonst rates that, unlike breath, human soul cannot be blown away. To shape the analogies under the affinity argument, soul is regarded as the form and it remains stable and unchanged, even when it encounters with the visible forms, such as physical body. When the body and soul are together, the latter controls the body because it is the nature of the soul to control the physical entity. In this respect, the soul can be identified with a divine being that is capable of ruling mortal beings. Hence, the soul knows different forms owing to its ability to sense the material, although the soul is invisible. The affinity argument justifies the immortality of soul because it premises on the principles of analogies. In other words, in case the soul knows forms and it is invisible, it can be imperishable. In contrast to the argument of analogy, the affinity concept can be presented as the argument about the nature of things. Therefore, the immortality of soul can be perceived as its function.Advert ising We will write a custom essay sample on Immortality of Soul specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More In conclusion, there proposed arguments, including opposites theory, theory of recollection, and affinity argument, the soul is immortal and it can exist separately of body. With regard to the argument, the theory of opposites suits best for justifying the argument. In addition, the principle of analogues also contributes to understanding the concept of duality, which means that the body cannot exist without soul.

A Common Intention Trust in the Case Oxley vs Hiscock Study

A Common Intention Trust in the Oxley vs Hiscock - Case Study Example A common intention trust has been helpful in establishing the need for fairer distributions of assets of trusts which must take into account the changing social equations of the day, where the traditional institution of marriage has begun to shed its conventional form and cohabitation has become more common. In the case of disputes over shared property, the case of Oxley v Hiscock has served to consolidate the principles of the common intention trust and the extent of proprietary estoppel that may be exercised by the contending parties.The case concerned a couple Ms Oxley and Mr. Hiscock, in reference to a property that was purchased by them, to which Ms Oxley had contributed about a 35% share while the major burden of the investment was borne by Mr. Hiscock out of his own savings and the proceeds of another home they had owned together. Ms. Oxley and her children lived in the new home with Mr. Hiscock and the couple had cohabited together for many years, although the sole title owne r was Mr. Hiscock. This was a case in which no trust declarations had been made, however there was evidence available to lead to an inference of common intention for both parties to enjoy beneficial shares in the property, although the extent of these beneficial shares were not specified. At the lower Court, the Judge found evidence to indicate the existence of a common intention trust and inferred an equal beneficial share in the property. However, this was appealed by Mr. Hiscock on the grounds that he had made a larger contribution to the property in question and allocating the beneficial interests on an equal 50:50 basis was unfair to his interests. At the Court of Appeal, the Court examined the issues and framed two salient issues to be examined where there is no express declaration of trust:- the existence of a common intention trust based upon the expressed intent of the parties to share beneficial interests and- the extent of the beneficial interests that could be attributed to each party.

Is addiction a disease or not Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Is addiction a disease or not - Essay Example 1). Saah, on the other hand, provided the meaning of the term as â€Å"a personality disorder, (which) may also be seen as a worldwide epidemic with evolutionary genetic, physiological, and environmental influences controlling this behavior† (Saah: Introduction par. 1). The National Institute of Drug Abuse (NIDA) presented its meaning as â€Å"a chronic, relapsing brain disease that is characterized by compulsive drug seeking and use, despite harmful consequences† (NIDA par. 1). These definitions have disparities in terms of identifying addiction as a state of dependence, which is a behavioral or personality condition; as contrasted to it being identified as a disease of the brain. The aim of the current discourse is to determine whether addiction is a disease or just an extreme form of learning. Background and Review of Literature The history of having diagnosed addiction as an abnormal condition was noted to have originated from the 1800s where doctors allegedly worke d with patients, identified to have been diagnosed with alcoholism and drug addiction, as confined in private sanitariums (Origins Recovery Centers). Only in 1934 was it disclosed that a particular doctor, Dr. William D. Silkworth, had apparently revolutionized finding appropriate and effective treatment for addiction through the establishment and close link of working and being supported by a group of committed individuals. As noted, â€Å"it was the doctor’s belief that an addict has both mental and physical abnormalities† (Origins Recovery Centers par. 5). At this stage, addiction has already been identified complex in terms of containing mental, as well as physical abnormalities; components which were separately identified in definitions noted above. From the study written by Sussman and Sussman, the authors explored the various definitions of addiction. Accordingly, the authors included â€Å"elements of addiction derived from a literature search that uncovered 5 2 studies include: (a) engagement in the behavior to achieve appetitive effects, (b) preoccupation with the behavior, (c) temporary satiation, (d) loss of control, and (e) suffering negative consequences† (Sussman and Sussman 4025). The authors have likewise uncovered the date of origin of examining addiction cases to the 1700s from the study written by Meyer entitled â€Å"The disease called addiction: Emerging evidence in a 200-year debate† (Sussman and Sussman 4036). On the contrary, addiction was emphasized that it was not at all a disease but instead, an extreme form of learning. Lewis contended that other emotions, such as love, also alter the brain; yet, not called a disease. He argued that â€Å"physical changes in the brain are its only way to learn, to remember, and to develop. But we wouldn’t want to call learning a disease† (Lewis par. 9). To this, he aptly concluded that â€Å"addiction (whether to drugs, food, gambling, or whatever) doesnâ⠂¬â„¢t fit a specific physiological category. Rather, I see addiction as an extreme form of normality, if one can say such a thing. Perhaps more precisely: an extreme form of learning. No doubt addiction is a frightening, often horrible, state to endure, whether in oneself or in one’s loved ones. But that doesn’t make it a disease† (Lewis par. 11). Analysis of the Definition of Addiction and Confirmation From the definitions that were provided, one affirmed that these